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Common Minerals

Science & Nature 56 records updated 2026-07-19

Common Minerals, with mineral name, formula, Mohs hardness, and color.

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First 25 of 56 records. Click a column to sort these rows.

ID MineralName Formula HardnessMohs Color
1 Talc Mg3Si4O10(OH)2 1 White to green
2 Graphite C 1 to 2 Gray to black
3 Gypsum CaSO4.2H2O 2 White
4 Halite NaCl 2 to 2.5 Colorless to white
5 Sulfur S 1.5 to 2.5 Yellow
6 Kaolinite Al2Si2O5(OH)4 2 to 2.5 White
7 Muscovite KAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2 2 to 2.5 Colorless to silver
8 Biotite K(Mg,Fe)3AlSi3O10(OH)2 2.5 to 3 Black to brown
9 Galena PbS 2.5 Lead gray
10 Serpentine Mg3Si2O5(OH)4 2.5 to 4 Green
11 Calcite CaCO3 3 Colorless to white
12 Barite BaSO4 3 to 3.5 White
13 Celestine SrSO4 3 to 3.5 Blue to white
14 Cerussite PbCO3 3 to 3.5 White
15 Anhydrite CaSO4 3.5 White to gray
16 Aragonite CaCO3 3.5 to 4 White
17 Dolomite CaMg(CO3)2 3.5 to 4 White to pink
18 Chalcopyrite CuFeS2 3.5 to 4 Brass yellow
19 Sphalerite ZnS 3.5 to 4 Brown to black
20 Malachite Cu2CO3(OH)2 3.5 to 4 Green
21 Azurite Cu3(CO3)2(OH)2 3.5 to 4 Blue
22 Rhodochrosite MnCO3 3.5 to 4 Pink
23 Siderite FeCO3 3.5 to 4 Brown
24 Fluorite CaF2 4 Purple, green, or yellow
25 Smithsonite ZnCO3 4 to 4.5 White to green

Notes

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